applications - avocado

Recommended Application in Avocado

BACKGROUND

 

The Avocado's origin is from the mountainous terrains of Central America. It's an evergreen tropical tree. Plantations are cultivated all over the world in humid tropical to arid subtropical regions; Each region has different types of cultivars. Avocado have poor adaption to hot and dry climates; High Vapor Pressure Deficit in the air (Dryness) will cause stress behavior which might, in sensitive growth stages, damage the yields. In the other range the tree does not tolerate freezing temperatures.
 
Avocado likes decomposed granite or sandy loam soils, with good drainage characters. Heavy soils (clay) have poor drainage, and then a danger of over-wetting exists. The tree show poor tolerance to salinity, particularly chloride.
 
Tree’s are highly sensitive to water availability; Relatively mild moisture stress can cause extensive fruit and leaf drop. While Over irrigation and prolonged over-saturated conditions might lead to impaired aeration of the upper soil layer where most of the tree's roots occur, and then increasing the tree's vulnerability to stress and root rot diseases.
 
In order to irrigate optimally, certain soil-water and climate-plant dynamics should be known; Knowledge will allow us to make the right decisions regarding our trees.
 
 

PYHTOMONITORING IN AVOCADO

After years of practice in avocado we realize that dendrometers give the most accurate and up-to-date picture of the tree's water status in avocado. Growers that integrate dendrometer data, with soil moisture and climate parameters, have the optimal information platform to understand and to react to the tree's needs.

What is a Dendrometer ?

Dendrometer - an electronic sensor mounted on the trunk of the tree and allows for continuous monitoring of changes in its trunk radius. Plant growth and water plant balance affect diurnal behavior of trunk radius. The growth rate depends on a vegetation stage, soil moisture and climatic conditions. The diurnal variations represent mostly fluctuations of water content in the plants.

Two parameters are commonly used for evaluating plant water status: daily contraction amplitude (DCA) and trend of daily growth.

Read more...  (Download PDF)

Recommended set-up for 5 hectares

Plant sensors:

soil sensors icon

Dendrometer Sensor - 1

The Dendrometer is a highly precise incremental LVDT-based sensor for monitoring micro-variations of trunk radius in micron range. Plant growth and water balance affect diurnal behavior of trunk radius. The growth rate depends on a vegetation stage and environmental conditions. The diurnal variations represent mostly fluctuations of water content in plants. Two radius-based indices are commonly used for evaluating plant water status: daily contraction amplitude and trend of daily maxima. The Dendrometer allows investigating effects of irrigation rate and other environmental factors on water balance and growth of plants.

Range of measurement: 0-10 mm
Resolution: 0.005 mm
Suitable stem diameter range: above 5 cm
Fruit Growth Sensors

Fruit Growth Sensors - 1

Two phenomena affect fruit diameter. These are growth and internal water content. The growth component is usually dominant. At the same time, in some cases, the fruit may loose water that is manifested in deceleration of growth rate or even shrinkage of the fruit. It may be a result of water stress, lack of light, or another limiting factor. Thus, the FI-type sensor allows investigating effect of irrigation rate and other environmental factors on both water balance and growth of fruits.
Range of measurement: (7 - 30 mm, 30-100mm, 15-70mm)
Resolution: 0.01mm
Temperature stability: 0.005 mm/c° max.
Suitable fruit diameter range: (7 - 30 mm, 30-100mm, 15-70mm)

Soil sensors:

Tensiometer sensor

Tensiometer Sensor - 2

Measures water tension in the soil
Pipes length: 30 cm, 60 cm, 90 cm
Measurement range: 0 - 84 cBar
Temperature range: 0-40 C
soil Moisture Sensor

or - Soil Moisture Sensor - 2

Monitors the volumetric water content (VWC) of the soil
Comes with 5cm two prong design 
Measurement Range 0-70% moisture

Environmental sensors:

 

weather station

Phytech’s Weather station

Including 6 sensors:
1. Wind Speed meter.
2. Wind Direction (optional: Leaf wetness)
3. Rain Meter.
4. Irradiation meter.
5. Air temperature.
6. Air humidity.
   
   

Success Stories

 

     
     

 

Presentations

 

     
     

 

Articles

 

 technique for tuning irrigation    
baserefline    

 

Related Links

 

Winter Irrigation | 2009    
     

 


Site Map | Printable View | © 2008 - 2012 Phytech Ltd | Developed by Hubeza | Design by Essy | Powered by mojoPortal